我们知道Oracle在启动过程中需要读取参数文件(pfile/spfile)来创建实例Oracle在启动过程中寻找参数文件的顺序为:spfile<sid>oraspfileorainit<sid>ora
而创建实例的过程中Oracle需要的最少参数为一个即db_name参数
我们来看一个测试启动一个任意设置的实例本例ORACLE_SID=julia:
[oracle@jumper dbs]$ export ORACLE_SID=julia
[oracle@jumper dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release Production on Mon May ::
Copyright (c) Oracle Corporation All rights reserved
Connected to an idle instance
SQL> startup nomount;
ORA: failure in processing system parameters
LRM: could not open parameter file /opt/oracle/product//dbs/initjuliaora
Oracle最后检查的文件为initjuliaora让我们创建这个文件然后数据库实例即可创建:
SQL> ! echo db_name=julia > /opt/oracle/product//dbs/initjuliaora
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started
Total System Global Area bytes
Fixed Size bytes
Variable Size bytes
Database Buffers bytes
Redo Buffers bytes
我们可以看一下缺省的各类文件的存储地点:
SQL> show parameter dump_dest
NAME TYPE VALUE
background_dump_dest string ?/rdbms/log
core_dump_dest string ?/dbs
user_dump_dest string ?/rdbms/log
SQL> show parameter control_files
NAME TYPE VALUE
control_files string ?/dbs/cntrl@dbf
我们顺便看一下缺省的警报日志中记录的信息:
[oracle@jumper dbs]$ cat $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/log/alert_julia
log
Mon May ::
Starting ORACLE instance (normal)
Mon May ::
WARNING: EINVAL creating segment of size x
fix shm parameters in /etc/system or equivalent
LICENSE_MAX_SESSION =
LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING =
SCN scheme
Using log_archive_dest parameter default value
LICENSE_MAX_USERS =
SYS auditing is disabled
Starting up ORACLE RDBMS Version:
System parameters with nondefault values:
db_name = julia
PMON started with pid=
DBW started with pid=
LGWR started with pid=
CKPT started with pid=
SMON started with pid=
RECO started with pid=
